Git Commands¶
Note
This reference guide is meant to provide quick insights into commonly used Git commands. For a more detailed explanation, consider referring to the official Git documentation.
Basic Commands¶
Description |
Command |
|---|---|
Initialize a Repository |
git init
|
Clone a Repository |
git clone <repository_url>
|
Check Status |
git status
|
Tip
Use git status often to see the state of your local repository.
Branching and Merging¶
Description |
Command |
|---|---|
Create a New Branch |
git checkout -b <branch_name>
|
Switch to an Existing Branch |
git checkout <branch_name>
|
Merge Branch |
git merge <branch_name>
|
Delete a Local Branch |
git branch -d <branch_name>
|
Delete a Remote Branch |
git push --delete <remote_name> <branch_name>
|
Warning
Deleting a branch removes all of its associated commits that are not merged into another branch. Always double-check before deleting a branch.
Staging and Committing¶
Description |
Command |
|---|---|
Stage Files |
git add <file_name>
git add .
|
Commit Changes |
git commit -m "<commit_message>"
|
Amend Previous Commit |
git commit --amend
|
Note
Using git commit --amend replaces the last commit with a new one. This can be dangerous if you’ve already pushed commits to a shared repository.
Remote Repositories¶
Description |
Command |
|---|---|
Add Remote |
git remote add <remote_name> <remote_url>
|
Fetch Changes |
git fetch <remote_name>
|
Pull Changes |
git pull <remote_name> <branch_name>
|
Push Changes |
git push <remote_name> <branch_name>
|
Tip
git pull is essentially a git fetch followed by a git merge. If you want to review changes before merging, use git fetch and then git merge.
History and Logs¶
Description |
Command |
|---|---|
View Log |
git log
|
View Specific File History |
git log -p <file_name>
|
Undo Last Commit |
git revert HEAD
|
Note
git revert creates a new commit that undoes the changes from a previous commit. This is different from git reset, which discards commits.
Utility Commands¶
Description |
Command |
|---|---|
Stash Changes |
git stash
|
Apply Stashed Changes |
git stash apply
|
Clean Untracked Files |
git clean -fd
|
Reset to a Specific Commit |
git reset <commit_hash>
|
Warning
Be cautious when using git clean and git reset as these commands permanently delete your work.